Tag Archives: Vitrification

Annotated bibliography of cryoprotectant toxicity

Introduction Cryoprotectant toxicity should be distinguished from other mechanisms of cryopreservation injury such as chilling injury (injury produced by too low temperatures as such) and cold shock  (injury produced by rapid cooling). Cryoprotectant toxicity itself can again be divided into … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Science | Tagged , , , , , , , | Comments Off

Intermediate temperature storage in cryonics

The recent issue of Cryonics magazine features a comprehensive update on intermediate temperature storage (ITS). This article contains an important observation: Acoustic events consistent with fracturing were found to be universal during cooling through the cryogenic temperature range.  They occurred … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

The double standard about cryonics

One of the most predictable features of public debates about cryonics is that those arguing in favor of cryonics are held to more rigorous standards than those seeking conventional medical treatment. Advocates of cryonics do not just have to prove … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , , | Comments Off

The case against cryonics

What is striking about cryonics is that those who have taken serious efforts to understand the arguments in favor of its technical feasibility generally endorse the idea. Those who have not made cryonics arrangements usually give non-technical arguments (anxiety about … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Neuroscience | Tagged , , , , , , , , , | Comments Off

Chemical preservation and cryonics research

In the 2009-4 issue of Alcor’s Cryonics magazine I review the technical and practical feasibility of chemical preservation. One of the most interesting aspects of chemopreservation is that it could play a useful role in the cryopreservation of ischemic patients. … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Neuroscience, Science | Tagged , , , , , | Comments Off

Ben Best on the feasibility of cryonics at SENS3

Posted in Cryonics, Death, Science | Tagged , , , , , , , , , | Comments Off

Cryonics in the media

The Detroit News features a story about cryonics that is a good illustration of the upward battle that cryonics faces in the media. First and foremost, this story reinforces the idea that cryonics concerns the practice of freezing dead people: … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , | Comments Off

The pursuit of cryonics as medicine

The biggest obstacle to the acceptance of cryonics is medical myopia; the idea that someone who has been pronounced dead by contemporary medical criteria will still be considered dead by future criteria. Advocates of human cryopreservation strongly argue against this. … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , | Comments Off

Reversible cryopreservation

On the forum of the Immortality Institute there is an interesting exchange about the feasibility and time line for reversible cryopreservation. Cryobiologist Brian Wowk weighs in with some interesting observations: I think in the next 20 years more small animal … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

Basile J. Luyet on the instability of solidified solutions

Basile J. Luyet (1897-1974) can be considered the father of modern cryobiology. His book “Life and Death at Low Temperatures” is a classic in the field and his journal “Biodynamica” evolved into a publication solely dedicated to the study of … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Science | Tagged , , , , , , , , | Comments Off

The red blood cell as a model for cryoprotectant toxicity

Various approaches are available to investigate cryoprotectant toxicity, ranging from theoretical work in organic chemistry to  cryopreservation of complete animals. Because resuscitation of complex organisms after cryopreservation is not feasible at the moment, such investigations need to be confined to … Continue reading

Posted in Health, Science | Tagged , , , , , | Comments Off

The purple prose of suspended animation

Esquire magazine features an article on scientist Mark Roth and his research into “suspended animation.” As the website title “The Mad Scientist Bringing Back the Dead…. Really” indicates, this is not supposed to be a detailed account of Ikaria’s recent … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Science | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

Cryonics sets example for emergency medicine

One of the most neglected aspects of cryonics is that its procedures, and the research to support them, can have important practical applications in mainstream fields such as organ preservation and emergency medicine. Contrary to popular opinion, cryonics does not … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Health | Tagged , , , , , , , , , | Comments Off

Famous preserved body parts

The website TopTenz recently published a list of the Top 10 Most Famous Preserved Body Parts. The list includes Galileo’s finger and Albert Einstein’s brain. As has been discussed on this blog before, the preservation of human brains (no matter … Continue reading

Posted in Arts & Living, Death | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

Cryoenzymology and cryoprotectant toxicity

The major limiting obstacle to reversible cryopreservation of complex organs is cryoprotectant toxicity. Elimination of ice formation through vitrification requires high concentrations of cryoprotective agents. These high concentrations of cryoprotectants can be toxic to tissues. Over the years, major advances … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Science | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off

Vitrification agents in cryonics

Today’s post on 21st Century Medicine’s vitrification agent M22 completes the series on vitrification agents in cryonics. To date, three different vitrification agents have been used for cryopreservation of humans: B2C (at Alcor from 2001-2005), VM-1 (at the Cryonics Institute … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off

Vitrification agents in cryonics: M22

M22 represents the culmination of decades of work in applied cryobiology by researchers Gregory Fahy , Brian Wowk, and others to develop a vitrification agent that can recover complex organs (such as the kidney) from cryogenic temperatures without ice formation … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

The first vitrification agent in cryonics: B2C

In 2001 the Alcor Life Extension Foundation licensed its first vitrification agent from the cryobiology research company 21st Century Medicine (21CM) to be used for its neuropatients. The composition of this agent, called B2C, has now been made public on … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , | Comments Off

Why is cryonics so unpopular?

In his 1998 essay “The Failure of the Cryonics Movement” (part 1, part 2), Saul Kent stresses that cryonics has remained so unpopular because nobody thinks it will work. One observable implication of this view is that we would expect … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Death | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off

Cryoprotectant toxicity: biochemical or osmotic?

The current generation of vitrification agents in cryonics permit elimination of ice formation using realistic cooling rates. But attempts to vitrify the brain require high concentrations of cryoprotective agents to inhibit ice formation. Such high concentrations of cryoprotectants can produce … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , | Comments Off

Viability in brain cryopreservation

Because the current generation of vitrification agents permit cryopreservation of the brain without ice formation, the current objective of cryonics research is maintenance of viability of the brain during cryopreservation. The most popular viability assay that has been used in … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Neuroscience | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off

Vitrification agents in cryonics: VM-1

A major public misperception is that cryonics involves the freezing of dead people. The objective of cryonics is not to preserve dead people with the hope of future revival but to place critically ill patients in a state of biostasis … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off

Ben Best publishes on cryonics in Rejuvenation Research

A technical cryonics article to be published in the conference proceedings of a customarily peer-reviewed scientific journal, entitled “Scientific Justification of Cryonics Practice (pdf),” by Ben Best, President of the Cryonics Institute, will appear in the next issue (Volume 11, … Continue reading

Posted in Cryonics, Science | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off